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Term |
Definition |
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Armor
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A solid or braided metal jacket for imparting maximum abrasion resistance to the completed cable. Braided armor is sometimes used in lieu of solid armor for improved flexibility.
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Aromatic Hydrocarbons
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Hydrocarbons derived from or characterized by presence of unsaturated resonant ring structures.
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ARP
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Aromatic-polyester
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Artificial Ageing
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The accelerated testing of plastics specimens to determine their changes in properties. Carried out over short period of time, such tests are indicative of what may be expected of a material under service conditions over extended periods. Typical investigations include those for dimensional stability; the effect of immersion in water, chemicals and solvents; light stability and resistance to fatigue.
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Artificial Weathering
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Exposure to cyclic laboratory conditions involving changes in temperature, relative humidity and radiant energy, with or without direct water spray, in an attempt to produce changes in the material similar to those observed after long-term continuous outdoor exposure.
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AS/RS
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Automated storage and retrieval system
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ASA
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Acrylate styrene acrylonitrile
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Asbestos
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A grey, non-burning, non-conducting and chemical resistant amphibole occurring in long fibers or fibrous masses, sometimes used as a filler for reinforcement.
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A-Stage
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An early stage in the reaction of a thermosetting resin in which the material is still soluble in certain liquids and fusible. See also B- and C-Stage.
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Atactic
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A chain of molecules in which the position of the methyl groups is more or less random.
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Autoclave
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(1) Closed strong vessel for conducting chemical reactions under high pressure; (2) in low-pressure laminating, a round or cylindrical container in which heat and gas pressure can be applied to resin-impregnated paper or fabric positioned in layers over a mould.
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Autoclave Moulding
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Modification of the pressure bag method for moulding reinforced plastics. After lay-up, entire assembly is placed in steam autoclave at 50 to 100 p.s.i. Additional pressure achieves higher reinforcement loadings and improved removal of air.
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Automatic Mould
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A mould for injection or compression moulding that repeatedly goes through the entire cycle, including ejection, without human assistance.
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Average Molecular Weight (viscosity method)
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The molecular weight of polymeric materials determined by the viscosity of the polymer in solution at a specific temperature. This gives an average molecular weight of the molecular chains in the polymer independent of specific chain length. Falls between weight average and number average molecular weight.
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Average Velocity
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Describes the overall speed of the material as it is flowing through a part of the mould that has a constant cross section. It is usually described as inches per second of material travel.
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Back Pressure
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The viscosity resistance of a material to continued flow when a mould is closing. In extrusion, the resistance to the forward flow of molten material.
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Backing Plate
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An injection moulding, a plate used as a support for the cavity blocks, guide pins, bushings, etc.
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Baffle
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A device used to restrict or divert the passage of fluid through a pipe line or channel. In hydraulic systems the device, which often consists of a disc with a small central perforation, restricts the flow of hydraulic fluid in a high pressure line. A common location for the disc is in a joint in the line. When applied to moulds, the term is indicative of a plug or similar device located in a stream or water channel in the mould and designed to divert and restrict the flow to a desired path.
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Bag Moulding
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A method of applying pressure during bonding or moulding, in which a flexible cover, usually in connection with a rigid die or mould, exerts pressure on the material being moulded, through the application of air pressure or drawing of a vacuum.
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Bakelite
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The proprietary name for phenolic and other plastics materials produced by Bakelite Limited, but often used indiscriminately to describe any phenolic moulding material or moulding. The name is derived from that of Dr Leo Hendrik Baekeland (1863-1944), a Belgian who, through his work on the synthesis of phenolic resins and their commercial development in the early 1900's, is generally considered to be the father of the plastics industry.
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